NOYOB VA YO‘QOLIB BORAYOTGAN BALIQLARNING BIOEKOLOGIYASI
Keywords:
Qizil kitob, yaylov akvakul’turasi, baliqlar genofondi, Kiprinid, Kit akulasi, ekotizim, oziq moddalar, ekotop, marjon riflari.Abstract
Baliqlarning ekotizimdagi roli beqiyosda yuqori. Baliqlar o‘z ekotizimiga katta hissa qo‘shadi: butun ekotizimni qo‘llab-quvvatlovchi muhim oziq moddalar bilan ta’minlaydi. Sodda qilib aytganda, baliqlar suv o‘tlari va quyi darajadagi turlar omon qolishlari uchun zarur bo‘lgan ozuqa moddalarini mukammal qayta ishlovchi hisoblanadi. Ushbu vazifaning ahamiyati shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ortiqcha baliq ovlash butun ekotizimning to‘g‘ri ishlashi uchun juda zararli bo‘lishi mumkin. Baliqlarni barcha suv havzalarida uchratish mumkin. Masalan ko‘llarda, daryolarda, dengizlarda, okeanlarda, suv havzalarida. Bugungi kundagi, hisob-kitoblarga ko‘ra, dunyo bo‘ylab 32000 dan ortiq turli baliq turlari mavjud. Insonlar tomonidan ovlagan baliqlar miqdori juda hayratlanarli ahvoldadir. Masalan, 2021 yilda taxminan 110 million tonna baliq ovlangan. Odamlarning haddan tashqari baliq ovlashi va dengiz ekotizimini beqarorlashtirishi tobora oydinlashmoqda.
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