PUBLIC PROCUREMENT: HOW CAN LEGISLATIVE REFORMS AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS BE HARNESSED TO EFFECTIVELY COMBAT CORRUPTION IN UZBEKISTAN?
Keywords:
Corruption | Public Procurement | Transparency | Technological Reforms | Legislative Reforms.Abstract
Corruption has found a fertile root in public procurement, a pillar of contemporary government, calling for a renewed commitment to strengthening the legal and institutional ramparts that protect the ideals of transparency and integrity. This article offers a conceptual examination of the corruption issue in the public procurement sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as proposals for statutory changes and technical developments to address it.
This work delves into the intricate dynamics of corrupt practices by putting together existing literature, legislation, and empirical data. It explains the key legal factors that create opportunities for corruption in public procurement. The author examines the system of preventing and combating corruption in public procurement from a critical standpoint, drawing attention to its constituent parts while assessing its overall degree of development and efficacy in light of available academic and regulatory-legal literature. In addition, this article conducts a comparative analysis of legislative frameworks and reforms, investigating various jurisdictions’ experiences in implementing stringent regulations and technological innovations to combat corruption.
This article contributes to the continuing conversation on corruption in public procurement by outlining a path for developing legislative frameworks and using the power of technology to create a more equal, just, and prosperous future.
References
Books:
Donatella della Porta and Vannucci A, The Hidden Order of Corruption (Routledge 2016)
Articles:
‘Corruption Perceptions Index 2020 for Uzbekistan’ (Transparency International 2020) <https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2020/index/uzb>
a. Golden M and Picci L, ‘Proposal for a New Measure of Corruption, Illustrated with Italian Data’ (2005) 17 Economics and Politics <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4756802_Proposal_for_a_New_Measure_of_Corruption_Illustrated_with_Italian_Data>
Abdou A and others, ‘Assessing Vulnerabilities to Corruption in Public Procurement and Their Price Impact’ (imf.org2022) <https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2022/094/001.2022.issue-094-en.xml>
Arrowsmith S, ‘The Law of Public and Utilties Procurement - the University of Nottingham’ (www.nottingham.ac.uk2005) <https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/pprg/publications/books/the-law-of-public-and-utilities-procurement.aspx>
Asadabadi M and Sharpe K, ‘The Ambiguity Dilemma in Procurement Projects’ (2019) 34 Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 792
Atamuradov T, ‘Problems of Organizing Public Procurements in Uzbekistan and Factors Influencing Them’ (eLibrary.ru2021) <https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44780210>
Atiga O and Abagna Azanlerigu J, ‘A Longitudinal Outlook of Violations of Ghana’s Public Procurement Law, Act (663) 2003’ (2017) 10 International Journal of Procurement Management
Auriol E, Straub S and Flochel T, ‘Public Procurement and Rent-Seeking: The Case of Paraguay’ (2016) 77 World Development 395
Belyaeva OA, ‘Perceived Gaps in Public Procurement Legislation’ (2020) 0 Legal Science in China and Russia 175 <https://chiruslaw.msal.ru/jour/article/view/31?locale=en_US>
Bosio E and others, ‘Public Procurement in Law and Practice’ (www.nber.org18 May 2020) <https://www.nber.org/papers/w27188>
Chen H, Schneider F and Sun Q, ‘Size, Determinants, and Consequences of Corruption in China’s Provinces: The MIMIC Approach’ [2018] CESifo Working Paper Series <https://ideas.repec.org/p/ces/ceswps/_7175.html>
Coviello D and Mariniello M, ‘Publicity Requirements in Public Procurement: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design’ (2014) 109 Journal of Public Economics 76
Donatella della Porta and Vannucci A, The Hidden Order of Corruption (Routledge 2016)
Dreher A and Gassebner M, ‘Greasing the Wheels? The Impact of Regulations and Corruption on Firm Entry’ (2011) 155 Public Choice 413 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-011-9871-2>
Fazekas M and Blum JR, ‘Improving Public Procurement Outcomes: Review of Tools and the State of the Evidence Base’ (2021) <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/5e3f7d7c-dace-5ec5-8234-02320e116679>
Ferwerda J, Deleanu I and Unger B, ‘Corruption in Public Procurement: Finding the Right Indicators’ (2016) 23 European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 245
Gerardino MP, Litschig S and Pomeranz D, ‘Can Audits Backfire? Evidence from Public Procurement in Chile’ (2017) <https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w23978/revisions/w23978.rev0.pdf>
Giorgiantonio C and Decarolis F, ‘Corruption Red Flags in Public Procurement: New Evidence from Italian Calls for Tenders’ (2022) <https://epjdatascience.springeropen.com/articles/10.1140/epjds/s13688-022-00325-x#citeas>
Guerette RT and Bowers KJ, ‘Assessing the extent of crime displacement and diffusion of benefits: a review of situational crime prevention evaluations’ (2009) 47 Criminology 1331 <https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2009.00177.x>
International Monetary Fund, ‘Fiscal Monitor: Curbing Corruption’ (2019) <https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2019/03/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2019>
K. Heggstad K and Froystad M, ‘The Basics of Integrity in Procurement’ (2011) <http://iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/4211-the-basics-of-integrity-in-procurement.pdf>
Kenny C and Crisman B, ‘Results through Transparency: Does Publicity Lead to Better Procurement?’ (2016) <https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?ABSTRACT_id=2860871>
Musatova M and Charles J K, ‘Red Flags of Corruption’ in World Bank Projects : An Analysis of Infrastructure Contracts’ (2010) <https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/790591468321562564/red-flags-of-corruption-in-world-bank-projects-an-analysis-of-infrastructure-contracts>
Niyazov K, ‘What Is Wrong with Private Procurement in Uzbekistan - Expert Opinion’ (Spot 6 May 2022) <https://www.spot.uz/ru/2022/05/06/public-purchases-/>
Nuz uz, ‘One in Three Persons, or How Corruption Manifests Itself in the Public Procurement System in Uzbekistan’ (nuz.uz4 February 2023) <https://nuz.uz/obschestvo/1267353-odin-v-treh-liczah-ili-kak-proyavlyaetsya-korrupcziya-v-sisteme-goszakupok-v-uzbekistane.html>
OECD, ‘Anti-Corruption Ethics and Compliance Handbook for Business’ (2013) <https://www.oecd.org/corruption/Anti-CorruptionEthicsComplianceHandbook.pdf>
Palguta J and Pertold F, ‘Manipulation of Procurement Contracts: Evidence from the Introduction of Discretionary Thresholds’ (2017) 9 American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 293 <https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20150511.>
Peiffer C, Armytage R and Marquette H, ‘Uganda’s Health Sector as a “Hidden” Positive Outlier in Bribery Reduction’ (2018) <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325545001_Uganda’s_Health_Sector_as_a_’Hidden’_Positive_Outlier_in_Bribery_Reduction>
Purchase S and Dooley K, ‘The Acceptance and Use of E-Procurement Systems’ (2010) 13 International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications 459 <https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13675561003801063>
Radjabov K, ‘How to Avoid Corruption in Public Procurement’ (Gazeta.uz31 March 2022) <https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2022/03/31/procurement/>
Rose-Ackerman S and Palifka B, Corruption and Government (Cambridge University Press 2016)
Soreide T, ‘Corruption in Public Procurement. Causes, Consequences and Cures’ (2002) <https://www.cmi.no/publications/843-corruption-in-public-procurement-causes>
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, ‘Preventing Corruption in Public Procurement’ (2016) <https://www.oecd.org/gov/ethics/Corruption-Public-Procurement-Brochure.pdf>
Vidal S and Décary-Hétu D, ‘Shake and Bake: Exploring Drug Producers’ Adaptability to Legal Restrictions through Online Methamphetamine Recipes’ (2018) 48 Journal of Drug Issues 269
World Bank and International Finance Corporation, ‘Doing Business 2014 Regional Profile: Europe and Central Asia’ (2013) <https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/37bd7b82-9c21-5870-8d22-2073f8a72d5a>
